TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1
Fundamental Principles of Environmental Justice
1-1
1.2
Environmental Justice in the Regional Transportation Plan
Process
1-2
1.3
Future Steps Toward Accomplishing Environmental Justice
1-3
1.4
Organization of this Report
1-3
2.0
REVIEW OF EXISTING POLICIES AND PLANS
2-1
2.1
Regional Transportation Plan
2-1
2.2 Transportation
Improvement Program
2-1
2.3 Public
Involvement
2-3
2.4 Area-Wide
Job Access and Reverse Commute Transportation Plan
2-4
2.5 Unified
Planning Work Program
2-4
3.0
IDENTIFYING COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN
3-1
3.1
Regional Socioeconomic Trends – An Overview
3-1
3.1.1 Population
3-1
3.1.2 Minority Residents
3-2
3.1.3 Per Capita Personal Income
3-3
3.2
Location of Minority Populations
3-3
3.3
Poverty and Low Income Areas
3-7
3.3.1 Persons in Poverty
3-8
3.3.2 Location of TANF Households
3-8
3.3.3 Free or Reduced Price Lunch Eligibility
3-12
3.4
Zero-Car Households
3-14
3.5
Defining and Identifying Communities of Concern
3-17
3.5.1 Methodology Used to Define and Identify
Communities of Concern
3-17
3.5.2 Location of Communities of Concern in the
SJTPO Region
3-18
3.5.3 Use of Defining and Identifying Communities
of Concern
3-21
4.0
GENERAL TRAVEL CHARACTERISTICS
4-1
4.1
A Brief Introduction to the Household Travel Survey
4-1
4.2 Income
Distribution for Minority and Non-Minority Households
4-1
4.3 Vehicle
Ownership for Minority and Non-Minority Households
4-1
4.4 Vehicle
Ownership by Income
4-2
4.5 Trip
General Rates for Minority and Non-Minority Households
4-3
4.6 Trip
Generation Rates by Income
4-3
4.7 Implications
for Environmental Justice
4-5
5.0
ACCESSIBILITY ANALYSIS
5-1
5.1
Regional Travel Demand Model
5-1
5.2 Analytical
Methodology
5-2
5.3
Accessibility Jobs
5-3
5.3.1 Comparison of Minority and Non-Minority
Communities
5-3
5.3.2 Comparison of Low-Income and Non-Low-Income
Communities
5-5
5.3.3
Accessibility by Auto and Transit for Minority and Low-Income Communities
5-5
5.4 Accessibility
to Essential Services
5-8
5.4.1 Comparison Between Minority and Non-Minority
Communities
5-8
5.4.2 Comparison Between Low-Income and
Non-Low-Income Communities
5-9
5.4.3
Accessibility by Auto and Transit for Minority and Low-Income
Communities 5-9
6.0 TIP EVALUATION 6-1
6.1
Evaluation and Methodology
6-1
6.2 Evaluation
Findings
6-2
6.2.1 Minority Communities
6-3
6.2.2 Low-Income Communities
6-6
6.2.3 Conclusion
6-6
7.0 INTERVIEWS AND OUTREACH 7-1
7.1 Survey
Purpose and Sample Selection Methodology
7-1
7.2
Survey Findings
7-2
7.2.1 General Issues and/or Needs of Disadvantaged
Populations
7-3
7.2.2 Transportation System Effectiveness and
Community Conditions
7-3
7.2.3 Specific Improvements for the SJTPO Region
7-4
7.2.4
Familiarity/Involvement with the SJTPO and Transportation Funding
Programs
7-5
7.2.5 Future Outreach Activities Related to
Environmental Justice
7-6
7.2.6
Willingness to Participate in Focus Groups/Committees on Environmental
Justice 7-7
7.2.7 Conclusions
7-7
8.0 RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS 8-1
8.1 Public
Involvement and Community Outreach
8-1
8.2 Technical and Analytical Support
8-4
8.3
Incorporate Environmental Justice Issues and Concerns in the
Transportation Planning and Project Development
Process
8-6
8.4 Conclusion
8-7